Inducted 2007

Louis Renault, a Paris native, became one of France’s most well known automobile manufacturers, building his first automobile in 1898 and establishing the Renault Motor Company.

Invention Impact

Renault’s numerous patents revolutionized the automotive industry. Chief among his designs were hydraulic shock absorbers, the drum brake and the turbocharger. His hydraulic shock absorber is still a common feature on automobiles today. Renault other inventions included a transmission that transmitted power and motion from the engine to the wheels through a series of gears without the use of chains or belts.

Renault’s first car was called the “Voiturette,” possessing a three-speed transmission plus a reverse gear. Within a short time, Renault received more than a dozen orders for his new car. In 1899, Renault and two siblings founded the Renault Brothers Automobile Company, and by 1908, Louis Renault had full control of the business.

Inventor Bio

During the German occupation of France during World War II, Renault opted to stay in his country as his company was placed under German administration. When the Germans were driven out of France in 1944, however, Renault was accused of industrial collaboration with the Nazis, and he died in prison while awaiting trial.